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Meanwhile O-, the universal cell donor, can only donate plasma to O- patients. So AB+, which can only donate cells to AB+ patients, becomes a universal plasma donor. Also note that blood group compatibilities are reversed for plasma transfusions. The least common blood types are B- and AB. Type O blood is constantly in high demand in hospitals because O- is the universal donor and O+ is the most common blood type. AB negative (AB-) - Can donate cells to AB+/-Īs shown above, Type O- blood can be used in transfusions for any blood type.AB positive (AB+) - Can donate cells to AB+.O negative (O-) - Can donate cells to all types (universal donor).O positive (O+) - Can donate cells to A+, B+, AB+, and O+.B negative (B-) - Can donate cells to B+/- and AB+/.B positive (B+) - Can donate cells to B+ and AB+.A negative (A-) - Can donate cells to A+/- or AB+/.A positive (A+) - Can donate cells to A+ and AB+.Together, the ABO system and the Rh system give us the eight main blood types: In addition, blood is further classified as either positive (+) or negative (-) depending upon whether it contains a protein known as the Rh factor. If a patient receives an incompatible blood type, their body will attack it like a life-threatening infection rather than a life-saving transfusion.īlood falls into one of four major blood groups depending upon the presence or absence of two antigens-named A and B-on the surface of its red blood cells (and the opposite antibodies in its plasma).
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Blood type is particularly important during blood transfusions because some blood types are incompatible with one another. Blood type, also called blood group, is determined by the presence or absence of specific antigens, which can be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids.